UGC NET (Commerce)

Paper II

Unit 1: Business Environment and International Business:-

Concepts and elements of business environment, Scope and importance of international business, Theories of international trade, Foreign direct investment (FDI) and Foreign portfolio investment (FPI), Balance of payments (BOP), Regional Economic Integration, International Economic institutions, World Trade Organisation (WTO)

Unit 2: Accounting and Auditing:-

Basic accounting principles, Partnership Accounts, Corporate Accounting, Holding company accounts, Cost and Management Accounting, Financial Statements Analysis, Human Resources Accounting, Indian Accounting Standards and IFRS, Auditing, Recent Trends in Auditing

Unit 4: Business Finance:-

Scope and sources of finance; Lease financing, Cost of capital and time value of money, Capital structure, Capital budgeting decisions: Conventional and scientific techniques of capital budgeting analysis, Working capital management; Dividend decision: Theories and policies, Risk and return analysis; Asset securitization, International monetary system, Foreign exchange market; Exchange rate risk and hedging techniques, International financial markets and instruments: Euro currency; GDRs; ADRs, International arbitrage; Multinational capital budgeting

Unit 5: Business Statistics and Research Methods:-

Measures of central tendency, Measures of dispersion, Measures of skewness, Correlation and regression of two variables, Probability, Probability distributions, Research: Concept and types; Research designs, Data: Collection and classification of data, Sampling and estimation, Hypothesis testing, Report writing

Paper 1I

Unit 3: Business Economics:-

Meaning and scope of business economics, Objectives of business firms, Demand analysis: Law of demand; Elasticity of demand and its measurement; Relationship between AR and MR, Consumer behavior: Utility analysis; Indifference curve analysis, Law of Variable Proportions: Law of Returns to Scale, Theory of cost: Short-run and long-run cost curves, Price determination under different market forms: Perfect competition; Monopolistic competition; Oligopoly- Price leadership model; Monopoly; Price discrimination, Pricing strategies: Price skimming; Price penetration; Peak load pricing

Paper II

Unit 1: Business Environment and International Business:-

Concepts and elements of business environment, Scope and importance of international business, Theories of international trade, Foreign direct investment (FDI) and Foreign portfolio investment (FPI), Balance of payments (BOP), Regional Economic Integration, International Economic institutions, World Trade Organisation (WTO)

Unit 2: Accounting and Auditing:-

Basic accounting principles, Partnership Accounts, Corporate Accounting, Holding company accounts, Cost and Management Accounting, Financial Statements Analysis, Human Resources Accounting, Indian Accounting Standards and IFRS, Auditing, Recent Trends in Auditing

Unit 4: Business Finance:-

Scope and sources of finance; Lease financing, Cost of capital and time value of money, Capital structure, Capital budgeting decisions: Conventional and scientific techniques of capital budgeting analysis, Working capital management; Dividend decision: Theories and policies, Risk and return analysis; Asset securitization, International monetary system, Foreign exchange market; Exchange rate risk and hedging techniques, International financial markets and instruments: Euro currency; GDRs; ADRs, International arbitrage; Multinational capital budgeting

Unit 5: Business Statistics and Research Methods:-

Measures of central tendency, Measures of dispersion, Measures of skewness, Correlation and regression of two variables, Probability, Probability distributions, Research: Concept and types; Research designs, Data: Collection and classification of data, Sampling and estimation, Hypothesis testing, Report writing

Paper-II

Unit 6: Business Management and Human Resource Management:-

Principles and functions of management, Organization structure, Responsibility and authority, Motivation and leadership, Corporate governance and business ethics, Human resource management, Compensation management, Performance appraisal including 360 degree performance appraisal, Collective bargaining and workers’ participation in management, Personality, Organizational Culture

Unit 7: Banking and Financial Institutions:-

Overview of Indian financial system, Types of banks, Reserve Bank of India, Banking sector reforms in India, Financial markets, Financial Institutions, Financial sector reforms including financial inclusion, Digitisation of banking and other financial services, Insurance

Unit 8: Marketing Management:-

Marketing: Concept and approaches, Product decisions, Pricing decisions, Promotion decisions, Distribution decisions, Service marketing, Trends in marketing, Logistics management

Unit 9: Legal Aspects of Business:-

Indian Contract Act, 1872: Elements of a valid contract, Special contracts, Sale of Goods Act, 1930, Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, The Companies Act, 2013 Nature and kinds of companies, Limited Liability Partnership, The Competition Act, 2002: Objectives and main provisions, The Information Technology Act, 2000, The RTI Act, 2005, Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs), Goods and Services Tax (GST)

Unit 10: Income-tax and Corporate Tax Planning:-

Income-tax: Basic concepts; Residential status and tax incidence, International Taxation, Corporate Tax Planning, Deduction and collection of tax at source